Resources

Power Outputs

Electricity 3.60 MJ/kWH
Natural Gas 1.07 MJ/CuFt US EPA 2010
Dry transport 1.11 MJ/t.km BLE 2010
Rail transport 0.22 MJ/t.km BLE 2010, US DoT
Wet transport 1.01 MJ/t.km Biograce 2011
Rail transport 0.20 MJ/t.km Biograce, US DoT
Ship/Tanker   (50t) 0.12 MJ/t.km Biograce 2011
Natural Gas 1,055 MJ/MMBtu

Densities

Ethanol 0.79 kg/litre Calculated
HFO 0.93 kg/litre Calculated
Diesel 0.87 kg/litre Calculated
Gasoline 0.74 kg/litre Calculated
LPG 0.60 kg/litre Calculated

Lower Heating Values

Corn 18.5 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
Ethanol 27.0 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
DDGS 10% 16.0 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
Corn Oil 37.0 MJ/kg Fineli 2010
HFO 40.5 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
Diesel 43.1 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
Gasoline 43.2 MJ/kg Biograce 2011
LPG 46.6 MJ/kg DEFRA/DECC 2010

Emission Factors for GHG Calculations

Emitter Emissions Units Source
N-fertiliser (kg N) 5.9172 kgCO2eq/kg Biograce 2011
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5) 0.5792 kgCO2eq/kg Biograce 2011
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5) 1.0135 kgCO2eq/kg Biograce 2011
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO) 0.1300 kgCO2eq/kg Biograce 2011
Pesticides 11.0257 kgCO2eq/kg Biograce 2011
Diesel 3.14 kgCO2eq/l Biograce 2011
HFO 3.42 kgCO2eq/l Biograce 2011
Gasoline 2.68 kgCO2eq/l Biograce 2011
LPG 1.49 kgCO2eq/l DEFRA/DECC 2010
Electricity 0.19 kgCO2eq/MJ US EPA 2010
Natural gas (4000 km, EU Mix qualilty) 0.06798 kgCO2eq/MJ Biograce 2011
Natural gas (4000 km, Russian NG quality) 0.06659 kgCO2eq/MJ Biograce 2011
Diesel 0.08764 kgCO2eq/MJ Biograce 2011
HFO 0.08498 kgCO2eq/MJ Biograce 2011
HFO for maritime transport 0.08720 kgCO2eq/MJ Biograce 2011
N2O 298 kgCO2eq Biograce 2011
CH4 25 kgCO2eq Biograce 2011

BioGrace is a project funded within the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme.