Resources

Power Outputs

Electricity	3.60	MJ/kWH
Natural Gas	1.07	MJ/CuFt	US EPA 2010
Dry transport	1.11	MJ/t.km	BLE 2010
Rail transport	0.22	MJ/t.km	BLE 2010, US DoT
Wet transport	1.01	MJ/t.km	Biograce 2011
Rail transport	0.20	MJ/t.km	Biograce, US DoT
Ship/Tanker   (50t)	0.12	MJ/t.km	Biograce 2011
Natural Gas	1,055	MJ/MMBtu

Densities

Ethanol	0.79	kg/litre	Calculated
HFO	0.93	kg/litre	Calculated
Diesel	0.87	kg/litre	Calculated
Gasoline	0.74	kg/litre	Calculated
LPG	0.60	kg/litre	Calculated

Lower Heating Values

Corn	18.5	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
Ethanol	27.0	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
DDGS 10%	16.0	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
Corn Oil	37.0	MJ/kg	Fineli 2010
HFO	40.5	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
Diesel	43.1	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
Gasoline	43.2	MJ/kg	Biograce 2011
LPG	46.6	MJ/kg	DEFRA/DECC 2010

Emission Factors for GHG Calculations

Emitter	Emissions	Units	Source
N-fertiliser (kg N)	5.9172	kgCO2eq/kg	Biograce 2011
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5)	0.5792	kgCO2eq/kg	Biograce 2011
P2O5-fertiliser (kg P2O5)	1.0135	kgCO2eq/kg	Biograce 2011
CaO-fertiliser (kg CaO)	0.1300	kgCO2eq/kg	Biograce 2011
Pesticides	11.0257	kgCO2eq/kg	Biograce 2011
Diesel	3.14	kgCO2eq/l	Biograce 2011
HFO	3.42	kgCO2eq/l	Biograce 2011
Gasoline	2.68	kgCO2eq/l	Biograce 2011
LPG	1.49	kgCO2eq/l	DEFRA/DECC 2010
Electricity	0.19	kgCO2eq/MJ	US EPA 2010
Natural gas (4000 km, EU Mix qualilty)	0.06798	kgCO2eq/MJ	Biograce 2011
Natural gas (4000 km, Russian NG quality)	0.06659	kgCO2eq/MJ	Biograce 2011
Diesel	0.08764	kgCO2eq/MJ	Biograce 2011
HFO	0.08498	kgCO2eq/MJ	Biograce 2011
HFO for maritime transport	0.08720	kgCO2eq/MJ	Biograce 2011
N2O	298	kgCO2eq	Biograce 2011
CH4	25	kgCO2eq	Biograce 2011

BioGrace is a project funded within the Intelligent Energy Europe Programme.